a nation-wide study for the occurrence of 6ppd antioxidants
- Classification:Chemical Auxiliary Agent
- Purity:96.9%
- Type:Rubber additive antioxidant
- Appearance:Amber to Brown Granulose
- Softening point:80-100℃
- Application:Used in Tires,Industrial Rubber Products
- Storage:Dry
- Package:1kg/polybag, 25kg/kraftbag
end-of-life tire decontamination from 6ppd and upcycling nature,abstract. n (1,3-dimethylbutyl)- n ′-phenyl- p-phenylenediamine (6ppd) is a ubiquitous rubber antioxidant and antiozonant that extends the lifetime of common rubber products, such as those.
in 15 cities, 6ppd contributed above 50 % to the σppds in urban trunk road dusts. as ozonation product of 6ppd antioxidant-q accounted for 4.10–76.3 % (average: 37.4 %) of the sum of ∑ppds and 6ppd-q in urban trunk road dust samples collected from 55 cities. in 46 cities, the relative contents of summed 6ppd and 6ppd-q were higher than 50 %.
preliminary research sheds light on proper analysis
in the 526 samples collected across the united states, 6ppd was not detected in any sample, and the highest 6ppd-quinone concentrations, which were above the lethal concentration for coho salmon (lethal concentration at which 50% of the animals died was determined to be around 41 to 95 nanograms per liter), occurred only during stormwater runoff events.
screening p-phenylenediamine antioxidants, their,recently, roadway releases of n,n′-substituted p-phenylenediamine (ppd) antioxidants and their transformation products (tps) received significant attention due to the highly toxic 6ppd-quinone. however, the occurrence of ppds and tps in recycled tire rubber products remains uncharacterized. here, we analyzed tire wear particles (twps), recycled rubber doormats, and turf-field crumb rubbers.
transformation products of tire rubber antioxidant 6ppd price
6ppd, a tire rubber antioxidant, poses substantial ecological risks because it can form a highly toxic quinone transformation product (tp), 6ppd-quinone (6ppdq), during exposure to gas-phase ozone. important data gaps exist regarding the structures, reaction mechanisms, and environmental occurrence of tps from 6ppd ozonation. to address these data gaps, gas-phase ozonation of 6ppd was.
tire-derived contaminants 6ppd and 6ppd-q: analysis, sample,one such chemical is 6ppd-quinone (6ppd-q), a transformation product of the tire antioxidant 6ppd. in urban stormwater runoff 6ppd-q can exceed acute toxicity thresholds for several salmonid species and is being implicated in significant coho salmon losses in the pacific northwest.
environmental rubber antioxidant 6ppd
sample type area sampling site sampling time concentrations detection frequency reference; 6ppd 6ppd-q 6ppd 6ppd-q; air (pg/m 3) atmospheric particles: hong kong, china: the campus of hong kong baptist university: september 2020–august 2021: 0.82–6.30: 0.54–13.8: 100 %: 100 % (cao et al., 2022) oxford, mississippi, usa: along a highway in.
from tread to watershed: how tire wear particle chemicals,the environmental ubiquity of tire and road wear particles (trwp) underscores the need to understand the occurrence, persistence, and environmental effects of tire-related chemicals in aquatic ecosystems. one such chemical is 6ppd-quinone (6ppd-q), a transformation product of the tire antioxidant 6ppd.
first insights into 6ppd-quinone formation from 6ppd
moreover, 6ppd-quinone (6ppdq), a 6ppd-derived product has recently been recognized as one of the ubiquitous oxidation products of 6ppd, and has raised public concern due to its high acute mortality in coho salmon (oncorhynchus kisutch), with a 24 h lc 50 of 95 ng/l in urban runoff from the pacific northwest of the united states ([6]).
abiotic oxidative transformation of 6ppd and 6ppd quinone,methanol, acetonitrile, and formic acid for lc-ms analysis were provided by biosolve (valkenswaard, netherlands). disodium hydrogen phosphate (≥99%) and potassium dihydrogen phosphate (≥99%) were supplied from merck (darmstadt, germany). the analytical standard of 6ppdq was purchased from hpc standards gmbh (borsdorf, germany).
- Do PPD antioxidants exist in dust particles?
- However, knowledge of their environmental occurrences and fate remains extremely limited. Herein, we explored the occurrence of six major PPD antioxidants and one newly defined transformation product in dust particles from different environments, including roads, underground parking lots, vehicles, and houses.
- Are PPD antioxidants present in all samples dominated by 6PPD and dtpd?
- PPD antioxidants, PPDQs, and other TPs were present in all samples with chemical profiles dominated by 6PPD, DTPD, DPPD, and their corresponding PPDQs.
- Do p-phenylenediamine antioxidants oxidize during pretreatment?
- There are relatively few reports on the content of p-Phenylenediamine antioxidants (PPDs) and their transformed products (TPs) in aquatic products. Quantifying PPDs, PPDQs, and other TPs is challenging owing to their tendency to oxidize and decompose during pretreatment, especially in organisms.
- Does 6PPD ozonation pose environmental risks?
- 6PPD, a tire rubber antioxidant, poses substantial ecological risks because it can form a highly toxic quinone transformation product (TP), 6PPD-quinone (6PPDQ), during exposure to gas-phase ozone. Important data gaps exist regarding the structures, reaction mechanisms, and environmental occurrence of TPs from 6PPD ozonation.
