factory stock antioxidant 6ppd rubber additives
factory stock antioxidant 6ppd rubber additives
factory stock antioxidant 6ppd rubber additives
factory stock antioxidant 6ppd rubber additives
factory stock antioxidant 6ppd rubber additives
  • Are p phenylenediamine (PPD) antioxidants in recycled tire rubber products toxic?
  • Recently, roadway releases of N, N ′-substituted p -phenylenediamine (PPD) antioxidants and their transformation products (TPs) received significant attention due to the highly toxic 6PPD-quinone. However, the occurrence of PPDs and TPs in recycled tire rubber products remains uncharacterized.
  • Which industrial rubber additives have higher chemical concentrations?
  • Furthermore, we quantified 15 other industrial rubber additives (including bonding agents, vulcanization accelerators, benzotriazole and benzothiazole derivatives, and diphenylamine antioxidants), observing that PPD-derived chemical concentrations were 0.5–6 times higher than these often-studied additives.
  • Does 6PPD ozonation pose environmental risks?
  • 6PPD, a tire rubber antioxidant, poses substantial ecological risks because it can form a highly toxic quinone transformation product (TP), 6PPD-quinone (6PPDQ), during exposure to gas-phase ozone. Important data gaps exist regarding the structures, reaction mechanisms, and environmental occurrence of TPs from 6PPD ozonation.
  • Does acetone remove 6PPD?
  • A scaled-up, continuous-flow microwave-powered extraction set-up can rapidly remove 6PPD and other additives from waste tires under acetone flow. Importantly, 6PPD was absent in the solvent-extracted crumb rubber and pyrolysis of the decontaminated crumb rubber indicates no 6PPD in the oil product.