indonesia low cost rubber antioxidant rd for tyre industry
indonesia low cost rubber antioxidant rd for tyre industry
indonesia low cost rubber antioxidant rd for tyre industry
indonesia low cost rubber antioxidant rd for tyre industry
indonesia low cost rubber antioxidant rd for tyre industry
  • How much natural rubber is consumed in Indonesia?
  • The tire industry consumes more than 250,000 tons of natural rubber per year, nearly 40% of the domestic natural rubber consumption. The availability and pricing of natural rubber is one of the key strengths of the Indonesian tire manufacturing industry. The Indonesian tire manufacturing industry is comprised of 14 large and mid-sized companies.
  • Which rubber antioxidants are used in China?
  • Amine antioxidants are the main rubber antioxidants produced and used in China, of which 6PPD and 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline (TMQ, RD) have the highest production, accounting for more than 80% of the total amine antioxidants.
  • Can a rubber antioxidant enter the environment with tire-wear particles (Twps)?
  • Recently, it was reported that the rubber antioxidant N - (1,3-dimethylbutyl)- N′ -phenyl- p -phenylenediamine (6PPD or antioxidant 4020), a typical tire rubber antioxidant, could enter the surrounding environment together with tire-wear particles (TWPs) [7, 8].
  • What are the TPS of rubber antioxidants?
  • The TPs of rubber antioxidants have been observed in some studies under environmental conditions. As one of the widespread rubber antioxidants, amine antioxidants (PPDs: TMPPD, DPPD, 6PPD, and 6PPDTZ) could react with O 3 (in parts per billion volume levels) in the environment and produce PPD-quinone .