large stock iran chemical auxiliary agent ippd in tire industry
large stock iran chemical auxiliary agent ippd in tire industry
large stock iran chemical auxiliary agent ippd in tire industry
large stock iran chemical auxiliary agent ippd in tire industry
large stock iran chemical auxiliary agent ippd in tire industry
  • Is 6PPD a toxic oxidant?
  • To enhance tire durability, the antioxidant N- (1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) is used in rubber, but it converts into the toxic 6PPD quinone (6PPD-Q) when exposed to oxidants like ozone (O 3), causing ecological concerns.
  • What causes 6ppd-q in soil and tire rubber wear particles (TRWPS)?
  • There is a linkage between 6PPD-Q in soil and tire rubber wear particles (TRWPs), indicating its origin from sources associated with vehicular activities (Klockner et al., 2019). Approximately 50% of TRWPs can infiltrate the soil, releasing bound chemicals like 6PPD (Klockner et al., 2019).
  • Can P-phenylenediamines be used in tires as anti-ozonants?
  • There has been some research conducted on alternative anti-ozonants that can be used in tires as anti-degradants besides 6PPD. Other p-phenylenediamines (PPDs) have historically been used for this purpose, including IPPD, 7PPD, and 77PD. Many of these potential alternatives showed similar or superior performance in the lab as an anti-ozonant.
  • Should policymakers and environmental regulatory agencies consider tire-related pollutants?
  • We suggest that policymakers and environmental regulatory agencies take into consideration these measures. Implementing regulations to control tire-related pollutants, such as 6PPD and its transformation products, is crucial for mitigating their impact on the environment and human health.

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