The latest development of rubber antioxidants
- Classification:Chemical Auxiliary Agent
- Purity:96.9%
- Type:Rubber antioxidant
- Appearance:Amber to Brown Granulose
- Boiling point:260°C
- Application:For ethylene propylene, etc.
- Production Capacity:1000 Metric Tons per Month
- Package:20kg kraft bags,500kgs/pallet
screening p-phenylenediamine antioxidants, their,recently, roadway releases of n,n′-substituted p-phenylenediamine (ppd) antioxidants and their transformation products (tps) received significant attention due to the highly toxic 6ppd-quinone. however, the occurrence of ppds and tps in recycled tire rubber products remains uncharacterized. here, we analyzed tire wear particles (twps), recycled rubber doormats, and turf-field crumb rubbers.
fig. 5 shows the chemical structures for typical low molecular weight antioxidants (fig. 5 a–e) and high macromolecular weight antioxidants (fig. 5 f–m) reported in the literature. compared to the low molecular antioxidant, the macromolecular antioxidant cannot easily migrate from the rubber to the surface because the diffusion coefficients.
antioxidant 6ppd market size in 2023 : growth opportunities
"antioxidant 6ppd market" is expected to witness significant growth in the coming years, primarily driven by the growing demand for (pneumatic tire components, solid tires, belts, hoses, cables.
transformation products of tire rubber antioxidant 6ppd in,6ppd, a tire rubber antioxidant, poses substantial ecological risks because it can form a highly toxic quinone transformation product (tp), 6ppd-quinone (6ppdq), during exposure to gas-phase ozone. important data gaps exist regarding the structures, reaction mechanisms, and environmental occurrence of tps from 6ppd ozonation. to address these data gaps, gas-phase ozonation of 6ppd was.
rubber antioxidants and their transformation products
in a landmark study , scientists confirmed that the tp (6ppd-quinone) of amine antioxidant (6ppd) showed high toxicity and caused the acute death of silver salmon in seattle, wa, usa. more and more studies have revealed the toxic effects of the tps of antioxidants, which has recently raised great concern about the environmental impact of rubber.
6ppd rubber antioxidant: characteristics, applications,6ppd (6ppd or n-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-n'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine) is a widely used rubber antioxidant that plays a vital role in the production of rubber products. this article aims to provide an overview of 6ppd, its characteristics, its applications in rubber product manufacturing, potential product combinations, and important considerations for commercial procurement. 1. what is 6ppd? 6ppd.
occurrence of substituted p-phenylenediamine antioxidants price
in addition, a major ozonation product of n-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-n′-phenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (6ppd), 6ppd-qunione, was also identified in dust with levels (median range of 32.2–80.9 ng/g) comparable to that of 6ppd except in house dust. to the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic investigation of the occurrence of major ppd.
a bibliometric analysis of global research hotspots and,the results demonstrated that both 6ppd and 6ppd-q decreased seed germination in varying degrees, and 1 μg l −1 of 6ppd and 6ppd-q caused changes in antioxidant enzyme activities (liu et al., 2024a). in another study, zhang et al. (2024) investigated the in vitro metabolism of 6ppd-q in liver microsomes obtained from both rats and humans.
occurrence of p-phenylenediamine antioxidants in human urine
compared with other synthetic phenolic antioxidants, the urinary concentration of 6ppd in this study is much lower than that of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (mean 18 ng/ml) in human urine from america (liu and mabury, 2019), but comparable to that of butylated hydroxyanisole (0.33 ng/ml) in human urine from china (wang and kannan, 2019).
beyond substituted p-phenylenediamine antioxidants,substituted para-phenylenediamine (ppd) antioxidants have been extensively used to retard oxidative degradation of tire rubber and were found to pervade multiple environmental compartments. however, there is a paucity of research on the environmental occurrences of their transformation products. in this study, we revealed the co-occurrence of six ppd-derived quinones (ppd-qs) along with eight.
- Are substituted P-phenylenediamines effective antioxidants?
- The substituted p-phenylenediamines (PPDs) represent a suite of effective antioxidants broadly applied in rubber industries. However, knowledge of their environmental occurrences and fate remains e...
- Does 6ppdq occur during ozonation of 6qdi?
- Consistent with prior findings, 6PPDQ (C 18 H 22 N 2 O 2) was one of the major TPs in 6PPD ozonation (∼1 to 19% yield). Notably, 6PPDQ was not observed during ozonation of 6QDI ( N - (1,3-dimethylbutyl)- N ′-phenyl- p -quinonediimine), indicating that 6PPDQ formation does not proceed through 6QDI or associated 6QDI TPs.
- Why is acetone better than 6PPD?
- Acetone’s lower boiling point (56 °C) compared with 6PPD (260 °C) makes solvent recovery much less energy intensive. Although acetone can readily dissolve many classes of molecules 25, it does not degrade the cross-linked rubber phase. This is crucial for producing a 6PPD-free crumb rubber product that is safe for various applications.
- Is 6PPD recalcitrant under harsh pyrolysis?
- This demonstrates the recalcitrant nature of 6PPD under harsh pyrolysis conditions and suggests solvent extraction is necessary for its removal. The TGA curve (Supplementary Fig. 11) of 6PPD shows a maximum degradation at ~300 °C and suggests that some 6PPD in the tires may sublime into the liquid product before the rubber degrades.
