sample of pakistan antioxidant tmq in rubber
sample of pakistan antioxidant tmq in rubber
sample of pakistan antioxidant tmq in rubber
sample of pakistan antioxidant tmq in rubber
sample of pakistan antioxidant tmq in rubber
  • Do antioxidants and their TPS increase environmental risk awareness of rubber products?
  • To our knowledge, this is the first review on antioxidants and their TPs in the environment, which may elevate the environmental risk awareness of rubber products and their TPs in the near future.
  • What are the different types of antioxidants in rubber?
  • Chemical antioxidants are generally classified as amine, phenolic, heterocyclic, phosphite, and nickel salts (nickel dibutyl dithiocarbamate (NBC)) antioxidants according to their chemical structure (Figure 1). During the rubber production, various antioxidants are often used as a mixture to improve performance and ensure an antiaging effect.
  • What is TMQ polymerization reaction?
  • First, the condensation reaction (R1) is carried out under acid conditions, which converts aniline (A) and acetone (B) to the TMQ monomer (C) and water (D). Then polymerization reactions (R2 − R4) are conducted, in which the monomers (C) are polymerizes to TMQ oligomers including dimers (E), trimers (F) and tetramers (G). (R1)(R2)(R3)(R4)
  • Which antioxidants are used in rubber vulcanization?
  • The amine and phenolic antioxidants are the most widely used rubber antioxidants (Fig. 1 b and c). Generally, the phenolic antioxidants have poor antioxidative efficiency (compared to amine antioxidants) and they can delay vulcanization, but they cause little discoloration problems.