rubber antioxidant 6ppd for tires manufacturer in iran
rubber antioxidant 6ppd for tires manufacturer in iran
rubber antioxidant 6ppd for tires manufacturer in iran
rubber antioxidant 6ppd for tires manufacturer in iran
rubber antioxidant 6ppd for tires manufacturer in iran
  • Are there alternatives to 6PPD as a rubber antioxidant?
  • Nevertheless, conclusive studies identifying superior alternatives to 6PPD as a rubber antioxidant remain scarce in the current literature. Urbanization has resulted in an increase in surface runoff, a phenomenon that plays a pivotal role in the transportation of chemicals originating from tire wear into aquatic environments.
  • Does 6PPD ozonation pose environmental risks?
  • 6PPD, a tire rubber antioxidant, poses substantial ecological risks because it can form a highly toxic quinone transformation product (TP), 6PPD-quinone (6PPDQ), during exposure to gas-phase ozone. Important data gaps exist regarding the structures, reaction mechanisms, and environmental occurrence of TPs from 6PPD ozonation.
  • Does 6PPD react with tire wear particles?
  • In another study, a primary molar yield (per mole 6PPD consumed) of approximately 9.7 % was observed for 6PPD-Q formation from pure 6PPD and about 0.95 % from 6PPD within tire wear particles, suggesting that a substantial mass fraction of 6PPD will ultimately react to form 6PPD-Q (Hu et al., 2022).
  • Which PPD-Q compounds are found in tire rubber granules?
  • Among the various PPD-Q compounds identified in tire rubber granules (12 μg/g), rubber crumbles (0.3–25 μg/g), and recycled rubber door mats (11–26 μg/g), 6PPD-Q stands out as the most prevalent (Zhao et al., 2023b). Research indicates that sunlight not only catalyzes the formation of 6PPD-Q in TRWPs but also accelerates its breakdown.